Amartya Sen, born on November 3, 1933, in Santiniketan, India, is a renowned economist and philosopher known for his contributions to welfare economics, social choice theory, and development economics. He received the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1998 for his work on welfare economics, particularly for his contributions to understanding the economic mechanisms underlying poverty and inequality. Sen's research emphasizes the importance of social justice and human development, advocating for policies that prioritize improving people's capabilities and freedoms. Beyond economics, he has written extensively on ethics, social justice, and political philosophy, influencing global discourse on issues ranging from gender equality to human rights. Amartya Sen's intellectual contributions and advocacy for a more inclusive and equitable society have earned him international acclaim and positioned him as a leading thinker in the fields of economics and social sciences.